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Jean Valjean
Jean Valjean is a fictional character and the protagonist of Victor Hugo's 1862 novel ''Les Misérables''. Hugo depicts the character's 19-year-long struggle to lead a normal life after serving a prison sentence for stealing bread to feed his sister's children during a time of economic depression and various attempts to escape from prison. Valjean is also known in the novel as Monsieur Madeleine, Ultime Fauchelevent, Monsieur Leblanc, and Urbain Fabre; the libretto mentions he is Prisoner 24601.〔mentioned in Prologue - WORK SONG & WHO AM I? (The Trial)〕 Unlike the others, Monsieur Leblanc is not an alias that Valjean uses but a nickname given to him by Marius because of his white hair.
Valjean and Police Inspector Javert, who repeatedly encounters Valjean and attempts to return him to prison, have become archetypes in literary culture. In the popular imagination, the character of Jean Valjean came to represent both Hugo himself and leftist sentiment. In 1871, when Hugo was living in Brussels during the radical revolt known as the Paris Commune, anti-revolutionary mobs attacked his house and broke windows shouting "Down with Jean Valjean!"
== Outline of the novel ==
As a parolee, Valjean is issued a yellow "feuille de route" for travel to Pontarlier where he will be forced to live under severe restrictions. This document, often called a "passeport jaune (yellow passport)," identifies him to all as a former convict and brands Valjean an outcast immediately wherever he travels. Bishop Myriel of Digne, from whom he steals valuable silverware, tells the police that he has given the treasure to Valjean. Out of this encounter, Valjean becomes a repentant, honorable, dignified man. He is kind to all he encounters, a devoted substitute father to a girl who loses her mother, Fantine, and a benefactor to those in need. Though a known criminal and a parolee, Valjean yet grows morally to represent the best traits of humanity. Valjean occupies a place on the wrong side of the law, but the right side of human virtues and ethics.
His antithesis, Javert, a dedicated and capable police officer, occupies a place of honor in society. The relationship of Javert and Valjean is a binary opposition between law and love. Javert sees Valjean only as the convict he once was, rather than the benefactor of humanity he has become. Javert's struggle to accept the ways that the laws he spent his life upholding might be unjust is what leads to his eventual suicide.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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